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Abstract
The article contains information about the ways of toxic metals entering the body and their impact on health, paying attention to each of them separately, based on the problem of environmental pollution with toxic metals, which is very relevant at present. The paper comprehensively analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of chelation and ion exchange chromatography, measures that are used to combat this problem. Chelation is based on the formation of stable complexes with metals under the action of chelating agents and their excretion from the body, and ion exchange chromatography is considered as a sorption-dynamic method of separating a mixture of ions and sorbents. Although the use of chelation at home is effective and has few side effects on the body, the disadvantages of this method include the short shelf life of chelated compounds and the high cost of therapy. Although the advantage of ion exchange chromatography is the ability to analyze various ions, there are also difficulties in using the method, such as dependence on certain factors and the need for special equipment. In order to solve the problem, the leaders of the countries are working together with qualified specialists in the scientific field. Allocation of large public funds to the environmental sector of the countries, inviting population to the direction of “zero-waste recycling”, introduction of alternative energies, etc. will help to reduce the impact of heavy metals on the environment. In addition, the nature of the problem in different countries is stated. It was revealed that pollution in countries such as China, Bangladesh and Nigeria are in a deplorable state. This phenomenon is attributed the large concentration of industrial plants in these countries, failure to observe safety rules during operation and other factors. Experiments are conducted to predict the spread of toxic metals in Kazakhstan, and at the end of the article there is a conclusion related to the topic.